Home News e Sentenze Gratuito patrocinio non copre l’attività stragiudiziale.

Gratuito patrocinio non copre l’attività stragiudiziale.

GRATUITO-PATROCINIO-noammissione-per-stragiudiziale

GRATUITO-PATROCINIO-noammissione-per-stragiudiziale

Gratuito patrocinio non copre l’attività stragiudiziale.

Il gratuito patrocinio è previsto solo per la difesa in giudizio del cittadino non abbiente, in quanto il legislatore ha inteso così dar attuazione al disposto di cui all’articolo 24 della carta costituzionale.

La copertura della legge non si estende all’attività stragiudiziale.

Così i giudici della seconda sezione civile della Suprema Corte di Cassazione hanno precisato con la sentenza 23 novembre 2011, n. 24723, con cui è stato chiarito, appunto, che il patrocinio a spese dello Stato riguarda esclusivamente la difesa in giudizio non potendo coprire anche l’attività stragiudiziale che non sia direttamente collegata allo stesso giudizio.

La Corte precisa ancora che l’onere posto a carico dello Stato (e perciò della collettività) è giustificato in quanto sia preordinato al soddisfacimento dell’esigenza di assicurare il ricorso alla tutela giurisdizionale nella ipotesi in cui la pretesa del cittadino non abbiente non risulti manifestamente infondata.

In caso contrario si verrebbe a negare il riconoscimento dei diritti per l’impossibilità del singolo di accedere alla giurisdizione a causa delle condizioni economiche.

Nella fattispecie oggetto di controversia, la Corte di Appello aveva rigettato il reclamo proposto da un legale avverso il decreto con cui il Tribunale aveva dichiarato inammissibile la domanda di liquidazione delle competenze per l’attività stragiudiziale svolta quale difensore per un soggetto ammesso al gratuito patrocinio.

L’istanza presentata era stata respinta considerando il fatto che ai sensi e per gli effetti di cui al D.P.R. n. 115 del 2002, il gratuito patrocinio è previsto per l’attività giudiziale e non pure per quella stragiudiziale.

Avverso tale decisione è stato proposto ricorso per Cassazione.

Secondo i giudici della Cassazione, come già anticipato in premessa, “dalle disposizioni del D.P.R. 115/2002 (ossia il Testo unico delle disposizioni legislative e regolamentari in materia di spese di giustizia) emerge chiaramente che il patrocinio a spese dello Stato è previsto esclusivamente per la difesa in giudizio del cittadino non abbiente, avendo in tal modo il legislatore inteso dare attuazione al disposto di cui all’art. 24 Cost. che, al comma 3, stabilisce che sono assicurati ai non abbienti, con appositi istituti, i mezzi per agire e difendersi davanti ad ogni giurisdizione”.

Secondo quanto precisato dalla Corte nella sentenza de qua possono essere considerate giudiziali (quindi, ricompresse nell’alveo del gratuito patrocinio) solamente quelle attività stragiudiziali che siano svolte in esecuzione di un mandato alle liti conferito per la rappresentanza e la difesa in giudizio, in quanto attività strumentali o complementari alle prestazioni giudiziali.

Così ha statuito la Corte: “Il patrocinio a spese dello Stato è previsto esclusivamente per la difesa in giudizio del cittadino non abbiente, avendo il legislatore inteso in tal modo dare attuazione al dettato dell’art. 24 Cost.. Ed invero, l’onere posto a carico dello Stato e quindi della collettività intanto è giustificato in quanto sia preordinato a soddisfare l’esigenza di assicurare il ricorso alla tutela giurisdizionale nel caso in cui la pretesa del cittadino non abbiente non risulti manifestamente infondata, perchè altrimenti si verrebbe a negare il riconoscimento di diritti per l’impossibilità del singolo di accedere alla giurisdizione a causa delle proprie condizioni economiche”.

CORTE DI CASSAZIONE, SEZ. II CIVILE – SENTENZA 23 novembre 2011, n.24723

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